📌 እነዚህን የያዘ ተማሪ በትንሹ ኢንትራንስ ላይ 20 ጥያቄ  ይሰራል ።

📚 አንድ የ12ኛ ክፍል ተማሪ ሊያውቃቸው የሚገቡ የ Physics ፎርሙላዎች

✅ Kinematics

• Displacement:

s = ut + 1 / 2at²

where s is displacement, u is initial velocity, a is acceleration, and t is time.

• Final Velocity:

v = u + at


where v is final velocity.

• Velocity-Time Relation:

v² = u² + 2as


✅Dynamics

• Newton's Second Law:

F = ma


where F is force, m is mass, and a is acceleration.

• Weight:

W = mg


where W is weight and g is acceleration due to gravity (9.81   m/s²).

✅Work, Energy, and Power

• Work Done:

W = Fd cos(θ)


where d is displacement and θ is the angle between force and displacement.

• Kinetic Energy:

KE = 1 / 2mv²


• Potential Energy:

PE = mgh


• Power:

P = W / t = Fv


✅Momentum

• Momentum:

p = mv


• Impulse:

J = F Δ t = Δ p


✅ Circular Motion

• Centripetal Force:

F_c = mv² / r


• Centripetal Acceleration:

a_c = v² / r


✅. Gravitation

• Gravitational Force:

F = G m₁ m₂ / r²


where G is the gravitational constant.

✅ Oscillations and Waves

• Period of a Pendulum:

T = 2π√()g}


• Wave Speed:

v = fλ


where f is frequency and λ is wavelength.

✅Thermodynamics

• First Law of Thermodynamics:

Δ U = Q - W


where U is internal energy, Q is heat added to the system, and W is work done by the system.

• Ideal Gas Law:

PV = nRT


where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin.

✅Electromagnetism

• Ohm's Law:

V = IR


• Coulomb's Law:

F = kq₁ q₂ / r²


• Electric Field:

E = F / q


✅ Optics

• Lens Formula:

1 / f = 1 / dₒ + 1 / dᵢ


• Magnification:

m = -dᵢ / dₒ


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