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     ምንጭ፣ ት/ት ሚንስቴር
https://t.me/Ethio_Education_24
ለ 12ኛ, ለ Remedial እና ለ Freshman ተማሪዎች 🔻  ቻናል👇
https://t.me/Ethio_Education_24_news

𝚃𝚘𝚙 𝟸𝟶 𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚒𝚊𝚕 𝚙𝚑𝚢𝚜𝚒𝚌𝚜 𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚖𝚞𝚕𝚊𝚜

𝟷) 𝚃𝚑𝚎 𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚖𝚞𝚕𝚊 𝚏𝚘𝚛 𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚌𝚎:
      👉𝙵=𝚖𝚊 (𝙵𝚘𝚛𝚌𝚎 𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚕𝚜 𝚖𝚊𝚜𝚜 𝚝𝚒𝚖𝚎𝚜 𝚊𝚌𝚌𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚛𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗)
𝟸) 𝙽𝚎𝚠𝚝𝚘𝚗'𝚜 𝚕𝚊𝚠 𝚘𝚏 𝚞𝚗𝚒𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚜𝚊𝚕 𝚐𝚛𝚊𝚟𝚒𝚝𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗:
        ✍️𝙵=𝙶(𝚖𝟷*𝚖𝟸)/𝚛²
𝟹) 𝚃𝚑𝚎 𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚖𝚞𝚕𝚊 𝚏𝚘𝚛 𝚠𝚘𝚛𝚔:
       ✍️𝚆=𝙵𝚍 (𝚆𝚘𝚛𝚔 𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚕𝚜 𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚌𝚎 𝚝𝚒𝚖𝚎𝚜 𝚍𝚒𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚗𝚌𝚎)
𝟺) 𝙾𝚑𝚖'𝚜 𝙻𝚊𝚠:
      👉𝚅=𝙸𝚁 (𝚅𝚘𝚕𝚝𝚊𝚐𝚎 𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚕𝚜 𝚌𝚞𝚛𝚛𝚎𝚗𝚝 𝚝𝚒𝚖𝚎𝚜 𝚛𝚎𝚜𝚒𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚗𝚌𝚎)
𝟻) 𝙴𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗 𝚏𝚘𝚛 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚜𝚙𝚎𝚎𝚍 𝚘𝚏 𝚕𝚒𝚐𝚑𝚝, 𝙴𝚒𝚗𝚜𝚝𝚎𝚒𝚗'𝚜 𝚝𝚑𝚎𝚘𝚛𝚢:
          👉𝙴=𝚖𝚌²
𝟼) 𝙿𝚕𝚊𝚗𝚌𝚔'𝚜 𝙴𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗:
     ✍️𝙴=𝚑𝚟 (𝙴𝚗𝚎𝚛𝚐𝚢 𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚕𝚜 𝙿𝚕𝚊𝚗𝚌𝚔'𝚜 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚗𝚝 𝚝𝚒𝚖𝚎𝚜 𝚏𝚛𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚎𝚗𝚌𝚢)
𝟽) 𝚂𝚗𝚎𝚕𝚕'𝚜 𝙻𝚊𝚠 (𝚁𝚎𝚏𝚛𝚊𝚌𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗):
        ✍️𝚗𝟷*𝚜𝚒𝚗θ𝟷=𝚗𝟸*𝚜𝚒𝚗θ𝟸
𝟾) 𝙴𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗 𝚏𝚘𝚛 𝚔𝚒𝚗𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚌 𝚎𝚗𝚎𝚛𝚐𝚢:
          ✍️𝙺𝙴=𝟷/𝟸𝚖𝚟²
𝟿) 𝙴𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗 𝚏𝚘𝚛 𝚙𝚘𝚝𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚒𝚊𝚕 𝚎𝚗𝚎𝚛𝚐𝚢:
          👉𝙿𝙴=𝚖𝚐𝚑
𝟷𝟶) 𝙱𝚘𝚢𝚕𝚎'𝚜 𝚕𝚊𝚠:
        👉𝙿𝟷𝚅𝟷=𝙿𝟸𝚅𝟸
𝟷𝟷) 𝙸𝚍𝚎𝚊𝚕 𝙶𝚊𝚜 𝙻𝚊𝚠:
           👉𝙿𝚅=𝚗𝚁𝚃
𝟷𝟸) 𝙼𝚘𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚞𝚖:
            👉𝚙=𝚖𝚟
𝟷𝟹) 𝚀𝚞𝚊𝚗𝚝𝚞𝚖 𝚖𝚎𝚌𝚑𝚊𝚗𝚒𝚌𝚜 (𝙷𝚎𝚒𝚜𝚎𝚗𝚋𝚎𝚛𝚐'𝚜 𝚞𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚛𝚝𝚊𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚢 𝚙𝚛𝚒𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚙𝚕𝚎):
           👉Δ𝚡 * Δ𝚙 ≥ ℏ/𝟸
𝟷𝟺) 𝙲𝚘𝚞𝚕𝚘𝚖𝚋’𝚜 𝚕𝚊𝚠:   
    ✍️𝙵=𝚔(𝚚𝟷*𝚚𝟸)/𝚛²
𝟷𝟻) 𝙻𝚘𝚛𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚣 𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚌𝚎:
           ✍️𝙵=𝚚(𝙴 + 𝚟𝙱)
𝟷𝟼) 𝙱𝚎𝚛𝚗𝚘𝚞𝚕𝚕𝚒’𝚜 𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗:
   👉 𝙿+𝟷/𝟸ρ𝚟²+ρ𝚐𝚑=𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚗𝚝
𝟷𝟽) 𝚆𝚊𝚟𝚎 𝚜𝚙𝚎𝚎𝚍 𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚖𝚞𝚕𝚊:  
             ✍️𝚟=𝚏λ
𝟷𝟾) 𝙼𝚊𝚡𝚠𝚎𝚕𝚕'𝚜 𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚜 (𝚏𝚘𝚞𝚛 𝚏𝚞𝚗𝚍𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚊𝚕 𝚕𝚊𝚠𝚜 𝚘𝚏 𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚌𝚝𝚛𝚘𝚖𝚊𝚐𝚗𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚜𝚖)
   👉 𝟷. 𝙶𝚊𝚞𝚜𝚜'𝚜 𝙻𝚊𝚠 𝚏𝚘𝚛 𝙴𝚕𝚎𝚌𝚝𝚛𝚒𝚌 𝙵𝚒𝚎𝚕𝚍𝚜:
  ✍️ ∇ · 𝙴 = ρ / ε₀
  
   📚𝚃𝚑𝚒𝚜 𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗 𝚛𝚎𝚕𝚊𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚌𝚝𝚛𝚒𝚌 𝚏𝚒𝚎𝚕𝚍 (𝙴) 𝚝𝚘 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚍𝚒𝚜𝚝𝚛𝚒𝚋𝚞𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗 𝚘𝚏 𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚌𝚝𝚛𝚒𝚌 𝚌𝚑𝚊𝚛𝚐𝚎𝚜 (ρ) 𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚑𝚒𝚗 𝚊 𝚐𝚒𝚟𝚎𝚗 𝚛𝚎𝚐𝚒𝚘𝚗. ε₀ 𝚒𝚜 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚙𝚎𝚛𝚖𝚒𝚝𝚝𝚒𝚟𝚒𝚝𝚢 𝚘𝚏 𝚏𝚛𝚎𝚎 𝚜𝚙𝚊𝚌𝚎.

👉𝟸. 𝙶𝚊𝚞𝚜𝚜'𝚜 𝙻𝚊𝚠 𝚏𝚘𝚛 𝙼𝚊𝚐𝚗𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚌 𝙵𝚒𝚎𝚕𝚍𝚜:
   ✍️∇ · 𝙱 = 𝟶
  
📚   𝚃𝚑𝚒𝚜 𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗 𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚝𝚑𝚊𝚝 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚖𝚊𝚐𝚗𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚌 𝚏𝚒𝚎𝚕𝚍 (𝙱) 𝚍𝚘𝚎𝚜 𝚗𝚘𝚝 𝚑𝚊𝚟𝚎 𝚊𝚗𝚢 𝚍𝚒𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚐𝚎𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚜 𝚘𝚛 𝚜𝚘𝚞𝚛𝚌𝚎𝚜, 𝚊𝚗𝚍 𝚝𝚑𝚎𝚛𝚎 𝚊𝚛𝚎 𝚗𝚘 𝚖𝚊𝚐𝚗𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚌 𝚖𝚘𝚗𝚘𝚙𝚘𝚕𝚎𝚜.

👉𝟹. 𝙵𝚊𝚛𝚊𝚍𝚊𝚢'𝚜 𝙻𝚊𝚠 𝚘𝚏 𝙴𝚕𝚎𝚌𝚝𝚛𝚘𝚖𝚊𝚐𝚗𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚌 𝙸𝚗𝚍𝚞𝚌𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗:
  ✍️ ∇ × 𝙴 = -∂𝙱 / ∂𝚝
  
   📚𝚃𝚑𝚒𝚜 𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗 𝚎𝚡𝚙𝚕𝚊𝚒𝚗𝚜 𝚑𝚘𝚠 𝚊 𝚌𝚑𝚊𝚗𝚐𝚒𝚗𝚐 𝚖𝚊𝚐𝚗𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚌 𝚏𝚒𝚎𝚕𝚍 𝚒𝚗𝚍𝚞𝚌𝚎𝚜 𝚊𝚗 𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚌𝚝𝚛𝚒𝚌 𝚏𝚒𝚎𝚕𝚍. ∂𝙱 / ∂𝚝 𝚛𝚎𝚙𝚛𝚎𝚜𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚜 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚛𝚊𝚝𝚎 𝚘𝚏 𝚌𝚑𝚊𝚗𝚐𝚎 𝚘𝚏 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚖𝚊𝚐𝚗𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚌 𝚏𝚒𝚎𝚕𝚍 𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚑 𝚛𝚎𝚜𝚙𝚎𝚌𝚝 𝚝𝚘 𝚝𝚒𝚖𝚎.

👉𝟺. 𝙰𝚖𝚙𝚎𝚛𝚎'𝚜 𝙻𝚊𝚠 𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚑 𝙼𝚊𝚡𝚠𝚎𝚕𝚕'𝚜 𝙰𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚍𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝:
  ✍️ ∇ × 𝙱 = μ₀𝙹 + μ₀ε₀∂𝙴 / ∂𝚝
  
  📚𝚃𝚑𝚒𝚜 𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗 𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚝𝚑𝚊𝚝 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚌𝚞𝚛𝚕 𝚘𝚏 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚖𝚊𝚐𝚗𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚌 𝚏𝚒𝚎𝚕𝚍 (𝙱) 𝚒𝚜 𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚕 𝚝𝚘 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚜𝚞𝚖 𝚘𝚏 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚌𝚞𝚛𝚛𝚎𝚗𝚝 𝚍𝚎𝚗𝚜𝚒𝚝𝚢 (𝙹) 𝚊𝚗𝚍 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚛𝚊𝚝𝚎 𝚘𝚏 𝚌𝚑𝚊𝚗𝚐𝚎 𝚘𝚏 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚌𝚝𝚛𝚒𝚌 𝚏𝚒𝚎𝚕𝚍 (𝙴) 𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚑 𝚛𝚎𝚜𝚙𝚎𝚌𝚝 𝚝𝚘 𝚝𝚒𝚖𝚎. μ₀ 𝚒𝚜 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚙𝚎𝚛𝚖𝚎𝚊𝚋𝚒𝚕𝚒𝚝𝚢 𝚘𝚏 𝚏𝚛𝚎𝚎 𝚜𝚙𝚊𝚌𝚎.

𝟷𝟿) 𝙻𝚊𝚠 𝚘𝚏 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚜𝚎𝚛𝚟𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗 𝚘𝚏 𝚎𝚗𝚎𝚛𝚐𝚢:
            ✍️∆𝙴 = 𝚀 - 𝚆
𝟸𝟶) 𝚂𝚌𝚑𝚛ö𝚍𝚒𝚗𝚐𝚎𝚛 𝙴𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗 (𝚀𝚞𝚊𝚗𝚝𝚞𝚖 𝙼𝚎𝚌𝚑𝚊𝚗𝚒𝚌𝚜)
         ✍️𝙷ψ = 𝙴ψ
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