📚 important terms in history for EUEE
1. Civilization: A complex society characterized by urban development, social stratification, cultural achievements, and a system of governance.
2. Empire: A large political unit or state that exerts control over territories and peoples through conquest, colonization, or annexation.
3. Feudalism: A social and economic system prevalent in medieval Europe where land was held by lords in exchange for military service, and peasants worked the land in return for protection.
4. Revolution: A significant and rapid change in political, social, or economic structures, often involving the overthrow of a government or ruling authority.
5. Colonialism: The practice of acquiring control over foreign territories, exploiting resources, and establishing settlements, often accompanied by the subjugation of local populations.
6. Renaissance: A cultural movement in Europe from the 14th to the 17th century marked by a revival of interest in art, science, and classical learning.
7. Industrialization: The process by which economies transition from agrarian-based to industrial-based systems, characterized by the growth of factories and mass production.
8. Nationalism: A political ideology that emphasizes the interests and culture of a particular nation or group, often leading to the desire for self-governance or independence.
9. Totalitarianism: A political system in which the state holds total authority over society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life.
10. Socialism: An economic and political system advocating for collective or governmental ownership and administration of the means of production and distribution.
11. Democracy: A system of government in which power is vested in the people, who exercise that power directly or through elected representatives.
12. Monarchy: A form of government where a single ruler (king or queen) holds supreme authority, often hereditary.
13. Treaty: A formal agreement between two or more sovereign states, often concluding a conflict or establishing terms for cooperation.
14. Genocide: The deliberate and systematic extermination of a particular ethnic, national, or religious group.
15. Cultural Diffusion: The spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another, often through trade, migration, or conquest.
16. Archaeology: The scientific study of human history and prehistory through excavation and analysis of artifacts, structures, and other physical remains.
17. Historiography: The study of how history is written and interpreted, including the methods and biases of historians.
18. Primary Source: An original document or artifact created during the time under study, providing firsthand evidence of historical events.
19. Secondary Source: A work that interprets or analyzes primary sources, often created after the time period being studied.
20. Manifest Destiny: A 19th-century doctrine that the expansion of the United States across the American continents was both justified and inevitable.
21. Cold War: A period of geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union and the United States after World War II, characterized by ideological conflict and proxy wars.
22. Civil Rights Movement: A social movement in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s aimed at ending racial discrimination and securing equal rights for African Americans.
23. Imperialism: The policy or ideology of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force to control other nations or regions.
24. Reformation: A religious movement in the 16th century that led to the establishment of Protestant churches and significant changes in Christianity.
25. Suffrage: The right to vote in political elections; movements advocating for suffrage have historically sought to extend this right to disenfranchised groups.
26. Enlightenment: An intellectual movement in the 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority, leading to advances in philosophy and political thought.
1. Civilization: A complex society characterized by urban development, social stratification, cultural achievements, and a system of governance.
2. Empire: A large political unit or state that exerts control over territories and peoples through conquest, colonization, or annexation.
3. Feudalism: A social and economic system prevalent in medieval Europe where land was held by lords in exchange for military service, and peasants worked the land in return for protection.
4. Revolution: A significant and rapid change in political, social, or economic structures, often involving the overthrow of a government or ruling authority.
5. Colonialism: The practice of acquiring control over foreign territories, exploiting resources, and establishing settlements, often accompanied by the subjugation of local populations.
6. Renaissance: A cultural movement in Europe from the 14th to the 17th century marked by a revival of interest in art, science, and classical learning.
7. Industrialization: The process by which economies transition from agrarian-based to industrial-based systems, characterized by the growth of factories and mass production.
8. Nationalism: A political ideology that emphasizes the interests and culture of a particular nation or group, often leading to the desire for self-governance or independence.
9. Totalitarianism: A political system in which the state holds total authority over society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life.
10. Socialism: An economic and political system advocating for collective or governmental ownership and administration of the means of production and distribution.
11. Democracy: A system of government in which power is vested in the people, who exercise that power directly or through elected representatives.
12. Monarchy: A form of government where a single ruler (king or queen) holds supreme authority, often hereditary.
13. Treaty: A formal agreement between two or more sovereign states, often concluding a conflict or establishing terms for cooperation.
14. Genocide: The deliberate and systematic extermination of a particular ethnic, national, or religious group.
15. Cultural Diffusion: The spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another, often through trade, migration, or conquest.
16. Archaeology: The scientific study of human history and prehistory through excavation and analysis of artifacts, structures, and other physical remains.
17. Historiography: The study of how history is written and interpreted, including the methods and biases of historians.
18. Primary Source: An original document or artifact created during the time under study, providing firsthand evidence of historical events.
19. Secondary Source: A work that interprets or analyzes primary sources, often created after the time period being studied.
20. Manifest Destiny: A 19th-century doctrine that the expansion of the United States across the American continents was both justified and inevitable.
21. Cold War: A period of geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union and the United States after World War II, characterized by ideological conflict and proxy wars.
22. Civil Rights Movement: A social movement in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s aimed at ending racial discrimination and securing equal rights for African Americans.
23. Imperialism: The policy or ideology of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force to control other nations or regions.
24. Reformation: A religious movement in the 16th century that led to the establishment of Protestant churches and significant changes in Christianity.
25. Suffrage: The right to vote in political elections; movements advocating for suffrage have historically sought to extend this right to disenfranchised groups.
26. Enlightenment: An intellectual movement in the 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority, leading to advances in philosophy and political thought.