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Toifa: Ta’lim

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Kanal geosi va tili

Efiopiya, Inglizcha

Toifa

Ta’lim

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Ethio Matrics

24 Dec, 11:30

የ2017 12ኛ ክፍል ፈተና የሚሰጥበት ቀን

🎯ከ ሰኔ 18 -28 መጀመሪያ ለማህበራዊ ሳይንስ በመቀጠል ደግሞ ለተፈጥሮ ሳይንስ ተፈታኞች በበይነ መረብ (Online) እና በዩኒቨርሲቲ ውስጥ በወረቀት ይሰጣል። በዘንድሮው አመት ከተፈታኞች ውስጥ ግማሽ
የሚሆኑትን በኦላይን ለመስጠት አቅም አለን ሲሉ የትምህርት ሚኒስትር ብርሀኑ ነጋ መናገራቸው ይታወሳል ።

🎯ስለሆነም ተፈታኞች እና የሚመለከታቸው ሁሉ ተገቢውን ዝግጅት እንዲያደርጉ እናሳስባለን ።

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Ethio Matrics

23 Dec, 17:58

🎯 Chemistry ፈተና ላይ ጥሩ ውጤት እየሰራችሁ ካልሆነ ወይም ደካማ ከሆናችሁ በተለይ ለ ኢንትራንስ ለምትዘጋጁ ተማሪዎች እነዚህን 4 ነገሮች ከማወቅ ጀምሩ ። ሌሎቹ ቀስ ብለው ይደርሳሉ ።

I. Matter and its Properties:

• States of Matter: Solids, liquids, gases, and plasma; their characteristics and transitions between states (melting, boiling, etc.). Introduction to phase diagrams.
• Classification of Matter: Pure substances (elements and compounds) vs. mixtures (homogeneous and heterogeneous). Separation techniques (filtration, distillation, chromatography).
• Physical and Chemical Properties: Distinguishing between properties that describe matter's appearance (physical) versus properties that describe how matter changes (chemical). Examples of each.
• Physical and Chemical Changes: Understanding the difference between changes that alter the appearance but not the composition (physical) and changes that alter the composition (chemical). Examples of each.
• Conservation of Mass: The law of conservation of mass in chemical reactions.

II. Atomic Structure:

• Atoms and Subatomic Particles: Protons, neutrons, and electrons; their charges and locations within the atom. Atomic number and mass number. Isotopes.
• The Periodic Table: Organization of elements based on atomic number and recurring properties. Groups (columns) and periods (rows). Trends in properties (atomic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity). Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.
• Electron Configuration: Arrangement of electrons in energy levels and sublevels. Valence electrons and their importance in chemical bonding.

III. Chemical Bonding:

• Ionic Bonding: Transfer of electrons between atoms resulting in the formation of ions and ionic compounds. Properties of ionic compounds.
• Covalent Bonding: Sharing of electrons between atoms resulting in the formation of molecules. Properties of covalent compounds.
• Metallic Bonding: Electron sea model; properties of metals (conductivity, malleability, ductility).
• Intermolecular Forces: Forces of attraction between molecules (hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, London dispersion forces). Their influence on physical properties.

IV. Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry:

• Chemical Equations: Representing chemical reactions using symbols and formulas. Balancing chemical equations.
• Types of Chemical Reactions: Synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, combustion.
• Stoichiometry: Calculations involving the amounts of reactants and products in chemical reactions (mole ratios, limiting reactants, percent yield).

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Ethio Matrics

22 Dec, 08:59

“And once the storm is over, you won’t remember how you made it through, how you managed to survive. You won’t even be sure, whether the storm is really over. But one thing is certain. When you come out of the storm, you won’t be the same person who walked in. That’s what this storm’s all about.“

Kafka on the Shore 🐈‍⬛ (2002)

ማዕበሉ ካለፈ በኋላ እንዴት እንዳለፍከው አታስታውስ ይሆናል፤ እንዴት ከማዕበሉ እንደተረፍክ ላታውቅ ትችላለህ፤ ምናልባት ማዕበሉ ስለማለፉም እርግጠኛ ላትሆን ትችላለህ፤ ግን አንድ ነገር የተረጋገጠ ነው፤ ከማዕበሉ እንደወጣህ ፍፁም የተለየ ሰው ትሆናለህ፤ ሌላ ሰው ነህ። That's what the storm is all about.

~ ሀሩኪ ሙራካሚ

መልካም እሁድ ይሁንላችሁ ✨

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Ethio Matrics

21 Dec, 09:32

Ethio Quizzes dan repost

Aptitude Social Exam 2016 @ethiouniversity1.pdf

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📌 የ2016 የ 12ኛ ክፍል ፈተና 👏

☑️Subject :- Aptitude

🪞ሶሻል ተማሪዎች የተፈተኑት ፈተና ነው። ለናቹራል ተማሪዎች ስለሚጠቅማችሁ Practice አድርጉ✌️

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Ethio Matrics

21 Dec, 09:17

Ethio Quizzes dan repost

History Vital questions for grade 12.pdf

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🕳 150 history questions

🗣Practice well and use your time

You can do it 🧡

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Ethio Matrics

20 Dec, 09:58

⭐️Common history concepts

✅ Ancient Civilizations: Mesopotamia, Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, and Ancient Rome.

✅ Feudalism: A system of social hierarchy prevalent in medieval Europe.

✅ Renaissance: A period of cultural, artistic, and intellectual rebirth in Europe.

🌟 Enlightenment: An intellectual movement emphasizing reason, science, and individual rights.

✅Industrial Revolution: Rapid industrial and technological advancement in 18th and 19th centuries.

🌟World Wars: Particularly World War I and World War II.

✅ Cold War: Ideological and geopolitical rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union.

✅ Ancient Empires: Including the Persian Empire, Byzantine Empire, and Ottoman Empire.

✅ Napoleonic Era: The rise and fall of Napoleon Bonaparte in Europe.

✅Scientific Revolution: Transformation in scientific thought and discovery in the 16th and 17th centuries.

⭐️ Globalization: Increasing interconnectedness of the world's economies, cultures, and societies.

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Ethio Matrics

19 Dec, 09:05

🎯ፊዚክስ ፈተና ላይ ጥሩ ውጤት እየሰራችሁ ካልሆነ ወይም ደካማ ከሆናችሁ እነዚህን 3 ነገሮች ከማወቅ ጀምሩ ። ሌሎቹ ቀስ ብለው ይደርሳሉ ።

I , Measurement and Units:

1. SI Units: Familiarity with the standard international (SI) system of units (meter, kilogram, second, etc.) is essential.

II . Motion and Forces:

1. Kinematics: This involves describing motion without considering the causes. Focus on:
-Distance and Displacement: The difference between scalar and vector quantities.
- Speed and Velocity: Understanding average and instantaneous speed/velocity.
-Acceleration: How changes in velocity are described.
- Graphs of Motion: Interpreting distance-time and velocity-time graphs. Relating slope to speed/acceleration.

2. Dynamics: This examines the causes of motion, focusing on forces.
- Newton's Laws of Motion: Understanding the concepts of inertia, force, and acceleration. Relating force and mass to acceleration.
-Forces: Identifying different types of forces (gravity, friction, normal force, tension). Drawing free-body diagrams.
- Weight and Mass: The difference between these fundamental properties.

III. Energy:

1. Work and Energy:
- Work: Defining work as the product of force and displacement in the direction of the force. Understanding when work is done and when it isn't.
- Kinetic Energy: Energy of motion. The relationship between kinetic energy, mass, and velocity.
- Potential Energy: Stored energy (gravitational potential energy is a good starting point).
- Conservation of Energy: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.

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Ethio Matrics

18 Dec, 09:34

APTITUDE 2016 EUEE FOR N.S by @EthioMatrichub.pdf

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BIOLOGY 2016 EUEE FOR N.S by EthioMatrichub.pdf

3.4Mb

CHEMISTRY 2016 EUEE FOR N.S by EthioMatrichub.pdf

2.4Mb

ENGLISH 2016 EUEE FOR N.S by EthioMatrichub.pdf

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MATHEMATICS 2016 EUEE FOR N.S by EthioMatrichub.pdf

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PHYSICS 2016 EUEE FOR N.S by EthioMatrichub.pdf

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📌 All Natural Science 2016 EUEE Matric Exams

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Ethio Matrics

18 Dec, 09:31

APTITUDE 2016 EUEE FOR S.S by EthioMatrichub.pdf

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ECONOMICS 2016 EUEE FOR S.S by EthioMatrichu.pdf

2.5Mb

ENGLISH 2016 EUEE FOR S.S by EthioMatrichub.pdf

3.0Mb

GEOGRAPHY 2016 EUEE FOR S.S by EthioMatrichub.pdf

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HISTORY 2016 EUEE FOR S.S by EthioMatrichub_removed-cropped.pdf

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MATHEMATICS 2016 EUEE FOR S.S by @EthioMatrichub.pdf

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📎 All Social Science 2016 EUEE Matric Exams

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Ethio Matrics

17 Dec, 10:52

🎯 maths ፈተና ላይ ጥሩ ውጤት እየሰራችሁ ካልሆነ ወይም ደካማ ከሆናችሁ በተለይ ለ ኢንትራንስ ለምትዘጋጁ ተማሪዎች እነዚህን 10 ነገሮች ከማወቅ ጀምሩ ። ሌሎቹ ቀስ ብለው ይደርሳሉ ።

1. Number System
•Real numbers
•complex numbers

2. Basic Arithmetic Operations

   • Addition and subtraction of whole numbers

   • Multiplication and division of whole numbers

   • Order of operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS)

3. Fractions

   • Understanding fractions (numerator and denominator)

   • Simplifying fractions

   • Adding and subtracting fractions with like and unlike denominators

   • Multiplying and dividing fractions

4. Decimals

   • Understanding decimals

   • Comparing and ordering decimals

   • Adding and subtracting decimals

   • Multiplying and dividing decimals

5. Percentages

   • Understanding percentages

   • Converting between fractions, decimals, and percentages

   • Calculating percentage of a number

   • Solving percentage problems (discounts, sales tax)

6. Basic Geometry

   • Understanding shapes (2D and 3D)

   • Perimeter and area of basic shapes (squares, rectangles, triangles)

   • Volume of simple 3D shapes (cubes, rectangular prisms)

   • Basic properties of angles (acute, obtuse, right)

7. Measurement

   • Understanding units of measurement (length, weight, volume)

   • Converting between different units

   • Using rulers and measuring tools

8. Basic Statistics

   • Collecting and organizing data (charts, tables)

   • Understanding mean, median, mode, and range

   • Reading and interpreting graphs (bar graphs, line graphs)

9. Basic Algebra Concepts

   • Understanding variables and expressions

   • Simple equations (one-step equations)

   • Evaluating expressions

10. Relation and Functions

    • Understanding the concept of a function

    • Simple input-output relationships

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Ethio Matrics

16 Dec, 10:08

Ethio Quizzes dan repost

📌 BIOLOGY common questions about photosynthesis

1. What is the primary function of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
a) Production of glucose
b) Generation of ATP and NADPH
c) Absorption of carbon dioxide
d) Release of oxygen

2. Where do the light-dependent reactions take place in a plant cell?
a) Stroma
b) Thylakoid membrane
c) Cytoplasm
d) Nucleus

3. Which molecule is split during the light-dependent reactions to release oxygen?
a) Water
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Glucose
d) ATP

4. What is the role of photosystem II in the light-dependent reactions?
a) Production of NADPH
b) Absorption of light energy
c) Splitting water molecules
d) Release of oxygen

5. Which molecule acts as an electron carrier in the light-dependent reactions?
a) NADP+
b) ATP
c) Glucose
d) Carbon dioxide

6. What is the primary product of the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle)?
a) Oxygen
b) Glucose
c) ATP
d) NADPH

7. In which part of the chloroplast does the Calvin cycle occur?
a) Thylakoid membrane
b) Stroma
c) Grana
d) Cytoplasm

8. What is the role of rubisco in the Calvin cycle?
a) Capture of light energy
b) Fixation of carbon dioxide
c) Production of ATP
d) Release of oxygen

9. How many molecules of G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) are produced in one turn of the Calvin cycle?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 6

10. What is the fate of most of the G3P molecules produced in the Calvin cycle?
a) Used to regenerate RuBP
b) Converted into glucose
c) Transferred to the light-dependent reactions
d) Released as waste products

11. Which molecule is responsible for providing the energy needed for the Calvin cycle?
a) ATP
b) NADPH
c) Water
d) Carbon dioxide

12. What is the role of the enzyme RuBisCO in the Calvin cycle?
a) Splitting water molecules
b) Regeneration of RuBP
c) Fixation of carbon dioxide
d) Production of glucose

13. During the light-independent reactions, what happens to the carbon atoms from carbon dioxide?
a) They are released as waste products
b) They are used to produce ATP
c) They are incorporated into organic molecules
d) They are converted into oxygen

14. Which molecule is regenerated at the end of the Calvin cycle to continue the process?
a) RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)
b) G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate)
c) NADP+
d) ATP

15. What is the overall purpose of both the light-dependent and light-independent reactions in photosynthesis?
a) To produce oxygen for cellular respiration
b) To convert light energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH)
c) To release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
d) To produce water as a byproduct

📍 Answer

1. b) Generation of ATP and NADPH

2. b) Thylakoid membrane

3. a) Water

4. b) Absorption of light energy (and also c) Splitting water molecules)

5. a) NADP+

6. b) Glucose

7. b) Stroma

8. b) Fixation of carbon dioxide

9. a) 1 (Note: Two G3P molecules are needed to form one glucose, but one turn produces one G3P.)

10. a) Used to regenerate RuBP

11. a) ATP (NADPH provides reducing power, but ATP provides energy.)

12. c) Fixation of carbon dioxide

13. c) They are incorporated into organic molecules

14. a) RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)

15. b) To convert light energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH)

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Ethio Matrics

15 Dec, 09:38

ጨለማን ጨለማ አያጠፋውም፣ ብርሃን ብቻ ነው ያንን ማድረግ የሚችለው። ጥላቻም በጥላቻ አይሸነፍም ፣ ፍቅር ብቻ ነው ያንን ማድረግ የሚችለው።

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Strength to Love, 1963 ❤️

መልካም እሁድ ይሁንላችሁ ✨

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Ethio Matrics

15 Dec, 09:19

📌 በአዲስ አበባ ከተማ አስተዳደር የ2017 ትምህርት ዘመን የ12ኛ ክፍል ብሔራዊ መልቀቂያ ፈተና የተፈታኞች የኦንላይን ምዝገባ የፊታችን ሰኞ ይጀምራል፡፡

በከተማ አስተዳደሩ የ2017 ዓ.ም የ12ኛ ክፍል ተፈታኞች የኦንላይን ምዝገባ ከታህሳስ 7 እስከ ጥር 6/2017 ዓ.ም እንደሚካሔድ የአስተዳደሩ ትምህርት ቢሮ ገልጿል፡፡

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Ethio Matrics

14 Dec, 09:58

📌 Grade 12 biology
📍 Unit 3: Enzymes

Enzymes: mid Exam

Part I: Structure and Function of Enzymes

1.What is the primary role of enzymes in biological systems?
A. To provide energy for cellular reactions
B. To act as structural components in cells
C. To lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions
D. To alter the equilibrium of chemical reactions

2.Enzymes are composed primarily of which type of biomolecule?
A. Lipids
B. Carbohydrates
C. Nucleic acids
D. Proteins

3.Which part of the enzyme binds to the substrate?
A. Allosteric site
B. Active site
C. Coenzyme
D. Product binding site

4.What is the effect of extreme temperatures on enzyme activity?
A. Enzyme activity increases indefinitely
B. Enzymes become more specific to substrates
C. Enzymes may denature and lose function
D. Enzyme activity is unaffected

Part II: Enzyme Specificity and Mechanisms

1.Which of the following best describes the "lock and key" model of enzyme activity?
A. The enzyme changes shape to fit the substrate
B. The enzyme has a specific shape complementary to the substrate
C. Substrates compete for the enzyme’s active site
D. The enzyme forms multiple products from a single substrate

2.Which term describes a molecule that competes with the substrate for binding to the enzyme's active site?
A. Noncompetitive inhibitor
B. Competitive inhibitor
C. Coenzyme
D. Activator

3.What happens to an enzyme after it catalyzes a reaction?
A. It is permanently altered and degraded
B. It is recycled and reused for the same reaction
C. It is converted into a substrate
D. It becomes inactive for a short time

Part III: Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity

1.Which of the following factors does NOT affect enzyme activity?
A. Temperature
B. Substrate concentration
C. pH
D. Amount of sunlight

2.An enzyme exhibits optimal activity at a pH of 7. What happens if the pH decreases to 4?
A. Enzyme activity increases
B. Enzyme activity decreases
C. Enzyme structure becomes more stable
D. No change occurs in enzyme activity

3.What is the role of cofactors in enzymatic reactions?
A. They alter the enzyme's shape permanently
B. They prevent the substrate from binding
C. They assist in stabilizing the enzyme-substrate complex
D. They denature the enzyme at high temperatures

Part IV: Applications of Enzymes

1.Which of the following enzymes is involved in the breakdown of starch?
A. Lipase
B. Protease
C. Amylase
D. Lactase

2.What type of enzyme catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen?
A. Oxidase
B. Catalase
C. Hydrolase
D. Lyase

3.In industrial processes, enzymes are used because they:
A. Increase reaction times significantly
B. Function well under all conditions
C. Are reusable and work efficiently under mild conditions
D. Are inexpensive to produce